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Frontiers in Public Health 2022The impact of birth weight on lung function and risk of asthma remains contentious. Our aim was to investigate the specific association of birth weight with lung...
BACKGROUND
The impact of birth weight on lung function and risk of asthma remains contentious. Our aim was to investigate the specific association of birth weight with lung function and the risk of asthma in children.
METHODS
We performed cross-sectional analyses of 3,295 children aged 6-15 years who participated in the 2007-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). After controlling for potential covariates other than gestational diabetes, maternal asthma and obesity, the linear and non-linear associations of birth weight with lung function metrics and the risk of asthma were evaluated by a generalized linear model and generalized additive model, respectively.
RESULTS
We observed a non-linear association of birth weight with FEV %predicted, FEV/FVC %predicted and FEF %predicted ( for non-linearity was 0.0069, 0.0057, and 0.0027, respectively). Further threshold effect analysis of birth weight on lung function detected the turning point for birth weight was 3.6 kg. When the birth weight was < 3.6 kg, birth weight was significantly positively associated with all pulmonary function metrics. However, negative associations were found in FEV %predicted, FEV/FVC %predicted and FEF %predicted when the birth weight was ≥3.6 kg. These results were consistent in the stratified and sensitivity analyses. Additionally, a possible non-linear relationship was also detected between birth weight and the risk of asthma.
CONCLUSION
Although not all maternal factors were accounted for, our findings provided new insight into the association of birth weight with lung function. Future studies are warranted to confirm the present findings and understand the clinical significance.
Topics: Child; Humans; Birth Weight; Nutrition Surveys; Cross-Sectional Studies; Research; Lung
PubMed: 36505001
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.999602 -
Prevalence of low birth weight and macrosomia estimates based on heaping adjustment method in China.Scientific Reports Jul 2021Low birth weight (< 2500 g; LBW) and macrosomia (> 4000 g) are both adverse birth outcomes with high health risk in short- or long-term period. However, national...
Low birth weight (< 2500 g; LBW) and macrosomia (> 4000 g) are both adverse birth outcomes with high health risk in short- or long-term period. However, national prevalence estimates of LBW and macrosomia varied partially due to methodology limits in China. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of LBW and macrosomia after taking potential birth weight heaping into consideration in Chinese children under 6 years in 2013. The data were from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey in mainland China in 2013, which consists of 32,276 eligible records. Birth weight data and socio-demographic information was collected using standard questionnaires. Birth weight distributions were examined and LBW and macrosomia estimates were adjusted for potential heaping. The overall prevalence of LBW of Chinese children younger than 6 years was 5.15% in 2013, with 4.57% in boys and 5.68% in girls. LBW rate was higher for children who were minority ethnicity, had less educated mothers, mothers aged over 35 years or under 20 years, or were in lower income household than their counterparts. The overall prevalence of macrosomia of Chinese children younger than 6 years was 7.35% in 2013, with 8.85% in boys and 5.71% in girls. The prevalence of macrosomia increased with increasing maternal age, educational level and household income level. Both LBW and macrosomia varied among different regions and socio-economic groups around China. It is found that estimates based on distribution adjustment might be more accurate and could be used as the foundation for policy-decision and health resource allocation. It would be needed to take potential misclassification of birth weight data arising from heaping into account in future studies.
Topics: Birth Weight; Child, Preschool; China; Disease Susceptibility; Female; Fetal Growth Retardation; Fetal Macrosomia; Humans; Infant; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Male; Prevalence; Public Health Surveillance
PubMed: 34294801
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94375-2 -
Pediatrics May 2019Preterm delivery and low birth weight (LBW) are generally associated with worse outcomes in hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), but an individual preterm or small...
BACKGROUND
Preterm delivery and low birth weight (LBW) are generally associated with worse outcomes in hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), but an individual preterm or small neonate may do well. We sought to explore the interactions between gestational age, birth weight, and birth weight for gestational age with intermediate outcomes in HLHS.
METHODS
We analyzed survival, growth, neurodevelopment, length of stay, and complications to age 6 years in subjects with HLHS from the Single Ventricle Reconstruction trial. Univariate and multivariable survival and regression analyses examined the effects and interactions of LBW (<2500 g), weight for gestational age, and gestational age category.
RESULTS
Early-term delivery ( = 234) was more common than term ( = 219) delivery. Small for gestational age (SGA) was present in 41% of subjects, but only 14% had LBW. Preterm, compared with term, delivery was associated with an increased risk of death or transplant at age 6 years (all: hazard ratio = 2.58, confidence interval = 1.43-4.67; Norwood survivors: hazard ratio = 1.96, confidence interval = 1.10-3.49) independent of LBW and weight for gestational age. Preterm delivery, early-term delivery, LBW, and SGA were each associated with lower weight at 6 years. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were worst in the LBW cohort.
CONCLUSIONS
Preterm delivery in HLHS was associated with worse survival, even beyond Norwood hospitalization. LBW, SGA, and early-term delivery were associated with worse growth but not survival. LBW was associated with worse neurodevelopment, despite similar length of stay and complications. These data suggest that preterm birth and LBW (although often concomitant) are not equivalent, impacting clinical outcomes through mechanisms independent of perioperative course complexity.
Topics: Birth Weight; Child; Child Development; Cohort Studies; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Norwood Procedures; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30979811
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-2577 -
Cancer Epidemiology Jun 2016Birth weight has inconsistent associations with colorectal cancer, possibly due to different anatomic features of the colon versus the rectum. The aim of this study was...
BACKGROUND
Birth weight has inconsistent associations with colorectal cancer, possibly due to different anatomic features of the colon versus the rectum. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between birth weight and colon and rectal cancers separately.
METHODS
193,306 children, born from 1936 to 1972, from the Copenhagen School Health Record Register were followed prospectively in Danish health registers. Colon and rectal cancer cases were defined using the International Classification of Disease version 10 (colon: C18.0-18.9, rectal: 19.9 and 20.9). Only cancers classified as adenocarcinomas were included in the analyses. Cox regressions were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Analyses were stratified by birth cohort and sex.
RESULTS
During 3.8 million person-years of follow-up, 1465 colon and 961 rectal adenocarcinomas were identified. No significant sex differences were observed; therefore combined results are presented. Birth weight was positively associated with colon cancers with a HR of 1.14 (95% CI, 1.04-1.26) per kilogram of birth weight. For rectal cancer a significant association was not observed for birth weights below 3.5kg. Above 3.5kg an inverse association was observed (at 4.5kg, HR=0.77 [95% CI, 0.61-0.96]). Further, the associations between birth weight and colon and rectal cancer differed significantly from each other (p=0.006).
CONCLUSIONS
Birth weight is positively associated with the risk of adult colon cancer, whereas the results for rectal cancer were inverse only above values of 3.5kg. The results underline the importance of investigating colon and rectal cancer as two different entities.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Birth Weight; Child; Cohort Studies; Colorectal Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Risk Factors
PubMed: 27203465
DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2016.05.003 -
Revista de Saude Publica 2015OBJECTIVE To analyze if dietary patterns during the third gestational trimester are associated with birth weight.METHODS Longitudinal study conducted in the cities of...
OBJECTIVE To analyze if dietary patterns during the third gestational trimester are associated with birth weight.METHODS Longitudinal study conducted in the cities of Petropolis and Queimados, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Southeastern Brazil, between 2007 and 2008. We analyzed data from the first and second follow-up wave of a prospective cohort. Food consumption of 1,298 pregnant women was assessed using a semi-quantitative questionnaire about food frequency. Dietary patterns were obtained by exploratory factor analysis, using the Varimax rotation method. We also applied the multivariate linear regression model to estimate the association between food consumption patterns and birth weight.RESULTS Four patterns of consumption - which explain 36.4% of the variability - were identified and divided as follows: (1) prudent pattern (milk, yogurt, cheese, fruit and fresh-fruit juice, cracker, and chicken/beef/fish/liver), which explained 14.9% of the consumption; (2) traditional pattern, consisting of beans, rice, vegetables, breads, butter/margarine and sugar, which explained 8.8% of the variation in consumption; (3) Western pattern (potato/cassava/yams, macaroni, flour/farofa/grits, pizza/hamburger/deep fried pastries, soft drinks/cool drinks and pork/sausages/egg), which accounts for 6.9% of the variance; and (4) snack pattern (sandwich cookie, salty snacks, chocolate, and chocolate drink mix), which explains 5.7% of the consumption variability. The snack dietary pattern was positively associated with birth weight (β = 56.64; p = 0.04) in pregnant adolescents.CONCLUSIONS For pregnant adolescents, the greater the adherence to snack pattern during pregnancy, the greater the baby's birth weight.
Topics: Adolescent; Birth Weight; Brazil; Diet Surveys; Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Longitudinal Studies; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimesters; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 26398873
DOI: 10.1590/S0034-8910.2015049005403 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2022Studies have shown that prenatal ozone exposure is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, among which abnormal birth weight is a detrimental...
Studies have shown that prenatal ozone exposure is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, among which abnormal birth weight is a detrimental factor for diseases in adulthood, but the association between birth weight and ozone is inconclusive. Herein, we conducted this study by enrolling 407 couples of pregnant women and collected their demographical materials, their exposure to ambient ozone was assessed according to the place of their residence. The hourly monitored ozone was first averaged to the daily level, then monthly and whole-gestationally levels. After adjusting confounders, we processed a multivariate generalized addictive analysis to predict the association between prenatal ozone exposure and birth weight. We also divided the cohort into two categories according to whether the infant met the standard of macrosomia, and the occurrence of macrosomia was studied via univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses as extreme conditions of the effects of ozone exposure on birth weight. We found that the ground-level ozone in Jinan changed with temperature periodically, higher in summer and lower in winter. Over the past 8 years from 2014, the ambient ozone increased by 1.74 μg/m per year. Of the 407 singleton-pregnant women, 21 infants were diagnosed with macrosomia. After adjusting confounders, we found that each unit increase in prenatal ozone exposure caused 8.80% [OR90%CI: 0.912 (0.850, 0.978)] decreased risk of macrosomia, but the splined ambient ozone exposure data was not statistically associated with birth weight, which is probably due to the limited sample size. In conclusion, prenatal ozone exposure is associated with decreased risk of macrosomia but is weakly linked to birth weight.
Topics: Pregnancy; Infant; Female; Humans; Adult; Fetal Macrosomia; Birth Weight; Ozone; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Health Status
PubMed: 36419998
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1000269 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2019Mean birth weight of twins is known to be lower than that of singletons, however, southern China lacks a twin-specific birth weight reference. In this paper, we use data...
Mean birth weight of twins is known to be lower than that of singletons, however, southern China lacks a twin-specific birth weight reference. In this paper, we use data from the Birth Certificate System in southern China, collected between January 1 2014 and December 31 2017 and including 161,076 twins, to calculate sex- and gestational week-specific birth weight percentiles (the 3, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, and 97). We applied generalized additive models for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS) when calculating the birth weight percentiles, and calculated percentiles for monochorionic and dichorionic twins separately. We next used data collected between Jan 1st 2018 and Apr 30th 2018, encompassing 12,371 live births, to calculate the SGA and LGA ratios using birth weight references in Australia, South Korea and China (based on birth defects surveillance system) and birth weight percentiles calculated in this study. Compared to dichorionic twins, monochorionic twins had lower birth weights at 25 to 42 weeks of gestation. The calculated SGA and LGA ratios were relatively stable compared to the other references.
Topics: Adult; Australia; Birth Weight; China; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Live Birth; Male; Middle Aged; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Twin; Republic of Korea; Twins, Dizygotic
PubMed: 30679504
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36758-6 -
BMC Pediatrics Oct 2014Low birth weight is strongly correlated with an increased risk of adult diseases. Additionally, low birth weight might be a risk factor for asthma later in life. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Low birth weight is strongly correlated with an increased risk of adult diseases. Additionally, low birth weight might be a risk factor for asthma later in life.
METHODS
A systematic literature search of the PubMed database from 1966 to November 2013 was conducted. The criteria for inclusion of papers were as follows: case-control or cohort studies; the odds ratio (OR) or risk ratio (RR) estimates with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were presented, or there were sufficient data for calculation; and studies were published in English up to October 2013. Random-effect and fixed-effect meta-analyses, meta-regression, and cumulative meta-analysis were conducted.
RESULTS
Thirteen cohort studies and 1,105,703 subjects were included. The overall pooled RRs (95% CIs) of asthma risk for low birth weight were 1.162 (fixed-effects model, 95% CI, 1.128-1.197) and 1.152 (random-effects model, 95% CI, 1.082-1.222). In stratified analyses, the effect of low birth weight on childhood asthma was strong, particularly in studies conducted in Europe, those with a small sample size, and those published recently. A meta-regression analysis did not find significant determinants.
CONCLUSIONS
This meta-analysis shows that low birth weight significantly increases the risk of childhood asthma.
Topics: Asthma; Birth Weight; Child; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Risk Factors
PubMed: 25339063
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-14-275 -
Cancer Epidemiology Oct 2014We aimed to determine the association between self-reported birth weight and incident cancer in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study cohort, a large...
BACKGROUND
We aimed to determine the association between self-reported birth weight and incident cancer in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study cohort, a large multiethnic cohort of postmenopausal women.
METHODS
65,850 women reported their birth weight by category (<6 lbs, 6-7 lbs 15 oz, 8-9 lbs 15 oz, and ≥10 lbs). All self-reported, incident cancers were adjudicated by study staff. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate crude and adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for associations between birth weight and: (1) all cancer sites combined, (2) gynecologic cancers, and (3) several site-specific cancer sites.
RESULTS
After adjustments, birth weight was positively associated with the risk of lung cancer (p=0.01), and colon cancer (p=0.04). An inverse trend was observed between birth weight and risk for leukemia (p=0.04). A significant trend was not observed with breast cancer risk (p=0.67); however, women born weighing ≥10 lbs were less likely to develop breast cancer compared to women born between 6 lbs-7 lbs 15 oz (aHR 0.77, 95% CI 0.63, 0.94).
CONCLUSION
Birth weight category appears to be significantly associated with the risk of any postmenopausal incident cancer, though the direction of the association varies by cancer type.
Topics: Aged; Birth Weight; Cohort Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Postmenopause; Proportional Hazards Models; Prospective Studies; Risk
PubMed: 25096278
DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2014.07.004 -
Scientific Reports Dec 2017Multiple studies have reported that individuals with low birth weights (LBW, <2500 g) have a lower intelligence quotient (IQ) than those with normal birth weights... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Multiple studies have reported that individuals with low birth weights (LBW, <2500 g) have a lower intelligence quotient (IQ) than those with normal birth weights (NBW, ≥2500 g). Based on 57 eligible individual studies including 12,137 participants, we performed a meta-analysis to estimate the association between low birth weight and individuals' IQ scores (IQs). The pooled weight mean difference (WMD) in IQs between NBW and LBW individuals was 10 (95% CI 9.26-11.68). The WMD was stable regardless of age. No publication bias was detected. The mean IQs of the extremely low birth weight (ELBW, <1000 g), very low birth weight (VLBW, 1000-1499 g), moderately low birth weight (MLBW, 1500-2499 g) and NBW individuals were 91, 94, 99 and 104, respectively. Additionally, the WMD in IQs with NBW were 14, 10 and 7 for ELBW, VLBW, and MLBW individuals, respectively. Two studies permitted estimates of the influence of social determinants of health to the discrepancy in IQs, which was 13%. Since IQ is inherited and influenced by environmental factors, parental IQs and other factors contribute to residual confounding of the results. As the conclusion was based on population studies, it may not be applicable to a single individual.
Topics: Birth Weight; Child Development; Female; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Intelligence; Intelligence Tests; Male
PubMed: 29269836
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18234-9